Training materials for medical students

Azathioprine - Pharmacology, Mechanism of Action,...

Azathioprine is an immunosuppressant used in various inflammatory diseases including RA and is the preferred DMARD in SLE patient who are pregnancy. It is also used to prevent renal transplant rejection....

Cyclophosphamide - Pharmacology, Mechanism of...

Cyclophosphamide is a powerful immunosuppressant with a rapid onset of action (days to weeks). Cyclophosphamide is a popular chemotherapy agents used to treat lymphoma, multiple myeloma and leukaemia....

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Overview...

Achalasia (Esophageal) - Signs and Symptoms,...

Where do I get my information from: http://armandoh.org/resource "Achalasia is a rare disorder that results from progressive destruction of ganglion cells in the myenteric plexus of the oesophageal...

Mycophenolic Acid - Mycophenolate (Organ Transplant...

Where do I get my information from: http://armandoh.org/resource "Mycophenalate is used in lupus nephritis (first line), diffuse SS but also indicated for the prophylaxis of organ rejection in patients...

Immunology - Interleukin 1 (IL1) Physiology and...

There are many IL1 cytokines but the most well known is IL1B. IL1B is normally produced by cells during inflammation in an immature form, requiring caspase 1 to activate it. IL1B is a potent inflammatory...

Calcineurin Inhibitors (Tacrolimus and Cyclosporine)...

Calcineurin inhibitors such as tacrolimus and cyclosporine are immunosuppressants. They are used mainly to prevent organ transplant rejection in combination with mycophenolate and steroids as well used...

Myocarditis - Causes, Pathophysiology, Investigation...

"Myocarditis is inflammation of the cardiac muscle usually following an infection, trauma or ischaemic event to the heart. It is also associated with rheumatological diseases such as SLE. Myocarditis...

Dilated Cardiomyopathy - Causes, Pathophysiology...

Dilated cardiomyopathy is the most common type of cardiomyopathy and is characterised by dilation and impaired contraction of one or both ventricles. Blood fills the ventricles during diastole. Dilated...

Tumour Lysis Syndrome (Tumor Lysis Syndrome)...

Tumour Lysis Syndrome is caused when tumour cells release their intracellular content into the bloodstream, either spontaneously or as a result of treatment leading to increased DNA - purine and pyrimidine,...

Well Defined Genetic Immunodeficiency - DiGeorge...

The video contains information about well defined genetic immunodeficiencies. Specifically, DiGeorge syndrome and Job syndrome are discussed. Where do I get my information from: http://armandoh.org/resource...

Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy (Broken Heart Syndrome)...

Takotsubo cardiomyopathy also known as stress cardiomyopathy or apical ballooning syndrome is a heart condition often preceded by a stressful event such as a death of someone or a recent traumatic event....

Immunology - Interleukin 6 (IL-6) Physiology...

IL-6 is another potent proinflammatory cytokine and mediator of the acute phase response. It is produced by immune cells in response to inflammation or infection. The IL-6 receptor is a membrane bound...

Anemia: Lesson 5 - An Approach to Diagnosis

An approach to diagnosing anemia, applying knowledge of the diagnostic frameworks, iron panel, hemolysis labs, and blood smear.

Spinal Cord Compression - Medical Emergency,...

Spinal cord compression more specifically metastatic spinal cord compression (MSCC) is one of the ominous causes of back pain where there is a compression of the thecal sac and its components by tumour...