Haemolytic Anaemia - classification (intravascular, extravascular), pathophysiology, investigations

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Case description

Haemolytic anaemia is defined as anaemia due to premature destruction of RBC. RBC also known as erythrocytes are produced in the bone marrow and then enter circulation to become mature. The mechanism of RBC haemolysis can be intravascular which means destruction of RBC within the vasculature or haemolysis can occur extravascularly. Which means haemolysis outside the vasculature typically in organs such as the spleen and liver where the reticuloendothelial system resides. Haemolysis stimulates the kidneys to produce EPO a hormone which stimulate erythropoesis the production of RBC. RBC are produced via the myeloid progenitor cell line to become erythrocytes in the bone marrow. Erythropoesis is also stimulated by other hormones including androgens and thyroid hormone.

tags: anaemia Haemolytic anaemia hematology Blood cells bone marrow Erythropoesis