laryngology
Betel Nut Chewing & Poor Oral Hygiene Results
The bad results of prolonged betel nut chewing (poor oral hygiene) is presented in this video. The complications includes dental caries, pigmentation, enamel erosion, submucous fibrosis, and increased...
Bilateral and unilateral vocal fold paralysis
Abductor neurological disfunction (palsy) is the inability of the vocal fold to move away form midline. In bilateral involvement, this causes narrowing of the glottic opening with the potential of airway...
Massive Vallecula Cyst
This video presents an enormous vallecula. The typical symptoms are the globus sensation and the "hot potato" voice.
Arytenoid Mass
A whitish mass arising from medial aspect of right vocal process is presented. The possible diagnosis include hyperkeratosis, granuloma, papilloma and dysplasia. To estabilish proper diagnosis, it is...
Attic Polyp
A polyp arising from the attic part of the eardrum is presented. Cholesteatoma is suspected, it needs to be confirmed and treated simultaneously.
Right-Sided Antrochoanal Polyp
A benign dumbbell shaped polyp (antrochoanal polyp) is shown. It grows from the maxillary antrum which exits via its accessory ostium and extends posteriorly towards the nasopharynx. Visualization of...
Aryepiglottic Cyst - Moderate Size
Cysts are swellings which contain fluid - from clear to straw-coloured mucoid material, unless infected (it became mucopurulent and rapidly increase in volume). They are lined by mucosal lining. Most...
Allergic Rhinitis
This particular case presents poorly controlled allegric rhinitis - typical endoscopic foundings are presented. Hyperhrophy of the inferior turbinates on both sides are found. Turbinates are pale in colour...
Allergic Rhinoconjunctivitis - conjunctiva and...
This particular case presents a patient with allergic conjunctivitis - clinical appearance of the conjunctive and nasal cavity is presented. The patophysiology of this disease consists of mucosal reactions...
Atrophic & Atelectatic Eardrum
Eardrum with atrophy and atelectasis is presented as a sequalae of recovered perforation under chronic eustachian tube dysfunction.