laryngology
Bilateral and unilateral vocal fold paralysis
Abductor neurological disfunction (palsy) is the inability of the vocal fold to move away form midline. In bilateral involvement, this causes narrowing of the glottic opening with the potential of airway...
Massive Vallecula Cyst
This video presents an enormous vallecula. The typical symptoms are the globus sensation and the "hot potato" voice.
Arytenoid Mass
A whitish mass arising from medial aspect of right vocal process is presented. The possible diagnosis include hyperkeratosis, granuloma, papilloma and dysplasia. To estabilish proper diagnosis, it is...
Attic Polyp
A polyp arising from the attic part of the eardrum is presented. Cholesteatoma is suspected, it needs to be confirmed and treated simultaneously.
Right-Sided Antrochoanal Polyp
A benign dumbbell shaped polyp (antrochoanal polyp) is shown. It grows from the maxillary antrum which exits via its accessory ostium and extends posteriorly towards the nasopharynx. Visualization of...
Aryepiglottic Cyst - Moderate Size
Cysts are swellings which contain fluid - from clear to straw-coloured mucoid material, unless infected (it became mucopurulent and rapidly increase in volume). They are lined by mucosal lining. Most...
Allergic Rhinitis
This particular case presents poorly controlled allegric rhinitis - typical endoscopic foundings are presented. Hyperhrophy of the inferior turbinates on both sides are found. Turbinates are pale in colour...
Allergic Rhinoconjunctivitis - conjunctiva and...
This particular case presents a patient with allergic conjunctivitis - clinical appearance of the conjunctive and nasal cavity is presented. The patophysiology of this disease consists of mucosal reactions...
Atrophic & Atelectatic Eardrum
Eardrum with atrophy and atelectasis is presented as a sequalae of recovered perforation under chronic eustachian tube dysfunction.
Central perforation of the right eardrum with...
A large central perforation of the right eardrum with plaques of myringosclerosis anterosuperior and posterosuperiorly is presented in this particular case. Negative result of Rinne's test is expected...
Adhesion Bands - Scar Formation
This is a case of sinus surgery complication - scar formation involving the middle meatus area. The middle turbinate is connected to the lateral wall of the nose (by scar tissue) and occurs on either...
Adhesive Otitis Media - Endoscopic Examination
An endoscopic examination of the eardrum is shown in this video. The pars tensa of the eardrum seems to be atrophic (thinned-out and transparent), severely retracted and draped to the middle ear structures...
Acute Otitis Media - Early Stage
Deeper ear passage in the early stage of acute otitis media with the image of the eardrum is examined endoscopically. Increased vascularity and inflammation beginning at the vascular strip area is shown....
Acute subepithelial haemorrhage
Sometimes, spontaneous bleeding in the vocal fold can happen, following phonotrauma or caused by doctor (after surgical procedures which involve the larynx or tracheobronchial tree). Commonly, the blood...
Adenoids - Endoscopic View
The adenoids are a mass of lymphoid tissue in the roof of the nasopharynx (contribute to the Waldeyer's ring). Significant enlargement of this lesions is common in paediatric patients and could obstruct...
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