ent cases
Air Bubbles Dispersion Upon Nose Blowing
In this video air bubles in the middle ear are seen during the presence of otitis media with effusion. In some cases where there is no uncertainty (for example very thin and almost colourless fluid),...
Little's Area Abnormal Vessels - Nose Bleeding
The epistaxis (a nose bleeding) can be an alarming presenting symptom. In the case of children, most of the bleedings come from abnormal vessels of Little's area, which are located at nasal septum (partition)...
Adult Larynx, Trachea, and Bronchus - Normal...
In this video the normal anatomy of an adult larynx, trachea and bronchii as seen by using 0 degree rigid endoscope can be seen. The general anaesthesia was needed to perform the examination. It is worth...
Right middle meatus - Natural Maxillary Sinus...
In this video the view of the right middle meatus with a special focus on the entrance of the natural maxillary sinus ostium is shown. It is not easily to see as it lies behind the uncinate process (arrow)...
Multiple Nasal Polyps
The nasal polyp appears as glistening swelling and it can be compared to peeled grape. The nasal cavity is involved by the polyp either unilaterally or bilaterally and it can be associated by sinusitis....
Probing and Mobilization of Nasal Polyps
In this video we can see nasal polyps which are probed and mobilized by the use of a ring curette to demonstrate its mobility, and differentiate it from nasal turbinates. The base is more firm, immobile...
Inverted Papilloma
In this video we can see unilateral nasal polyps in a middle-age male patient. The appearance of endoscopic morphology is indistinguishable from ethmoidal polyps. During the postnasal space examination...
The Uncinate Process
In this video we can see the anatomy of the middle meatus area with the primary focus on the uncinate process. The critical surface landmark during endoscopic sinus surgery is provided by this sickle-shaped...
Assessment of Dysplatic Laryngeal Lesions
In this video the application of narrow band imaging was used for the purpose of intra-operative assessment of pre-malignant and early cancerous laryngeal lesions. This diagnostic procedure is useful...
Myringosclerosis - Otoendoscopic View
Thickening of the tympanic membrane with or without calcification is called myringosclerosis. Its most common aetiologies include infection, traumatic injury and grommet insertion. Myringosclerosis forms...
Muscle Tension Dysphonia - MTD
In this video we can see the laryngeal inlet appearance upon phonation in muscle tension dysphonia (MTD). This is an imbalance or an excessive activity of extrinsic and/or extrinsic muscles of the larynx....
Montgomery T-Tube
In this video we can see the endoscopic examination of the trachea and the larynx. The patient has inserted the indwelling T-tube because of tracheal stenosis. Due to the position of the upper end of...
Adhesive Otitis Media - Endoscopic Examination
An endoscopic examination of the eardrum is shown in this video. The pars tensa of the eardrum seems to be atrophic (thinned-out and transparent), severely retracted and draped to the middle ear structures...
Adhesion Bands - Scar Formation
This is a case of sinus surgery complication - scar formation involving the middle meatus area. The middle turbinate is connected to the lateral wall of the nose (by scar tissue) and occurs on either...
Adenoids - Endoscopic View
The adenoids are a mass of lymphoid tissue in the roof of the nasopharynx (contribute to the Waldeyer's ring). Significant enlargement of this lesions is common in paediatric patients and could obstruct...