ent cases
Median Rhomboid Glossitis
Median rhomboid glossitis has been considered a developmental abnormality for a number of years. Recent works suggests that this condition arises from a mild local candidal infection and that tongue clicking...
Infectious Mononucleosis
These acutely swollen and juicy looking tonsils covered with yellow debris and associated with palatal petechiae are characteristic of infectious mononucleosis. In this case, the tonsils are so large...
Enlarged Obstructive Tonsils
In this patient the tonsils have enlarged the such an extent that they almost meet in the midline. In some patients grossly enlarged tonsils may contribute to obstructive sleep apnea.
Normal Enlarged Tonsils
This photograph shows a pair of slightly enlarged but normal tonsils in a child.
Normal Tonsils
The appearance of the normal palatine tonsils is extremely varied. The tonsils may appear to protrude so far that they almost meet in the midline or they may be buried in the oropharyngeal wall to such...
Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Tongue
This is a characteristic ulcerative, infiltrative and advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the lateral border of the tongue, which cause severe limitation of tongue movement.
Lingual Thyroid
The pink raised lesion in the midline of the base of the tongue in this patient is a lingual thyroid. Significant expansion of a lingual thyroid may occur at puberty and in pregnancy.
Hypoglossal Nerve Paralysis
The left hypoglossal nerve of this patient was damaged in an accident. There is atrophy of the muscle bulk on the left side of the tongue and when the patient protrudes the tongue it deviates to the left...
Tongue Tie
The frenulum the tongue in this patient is abnormally short, resulting in an inability to protrude the tongue anteriorly. This is referred to as an "tongue tie".
Submandibular Duct Stone
A submandibular ducts stone is composed principally of calcium phosphate and develops around debris that collects in the submandibular ducts. In this illustration, there is a terminal swelling within...
Atrophic Glossitis
Note the beefy red glazed tongue of a patient with atrophic glossitis due to an iron deficiency. The smooth red surface develops as a result of the loss of the filiform papillae.
Geographic Tongue
In this condition, the filiform papillae disappear from localized areas of the tongue resulting in a patchy red area of depapillation, which is known as geographic or "map" tongue. These patches...
Fissured Tongue
Almost 5% of the population have a tongue with fissures and grooves. The fissured pattern is variable, they tend to appear in late childhood and deepen with age. This illustration shows a typical fissured...
Black Hairy Tongue
This photograph shows the typical appearance of a black hairy tongue. The filiform papillae elongate to produce the "hair" y coating. The true reason for the black colour has never been explained,...
Crenellated Tongue
The scalloped indentations seen along the lateral border of this patient's relatively large tongue is a normal variant.
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Michael Hawke
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