Extralobar Pulmonary Sequestration
Case description
Pulmonary sequestration (PS) is a congenital pulmonary malformation that consists of a nonfunctioning lung tissue with no communication with the bronchial tree. The blood supply to PS is through aberrant vessels from systemic circulation, most commonly the descending thoracic aorta. The term sequestration is derived from the Latin verb sequestare, which means ‘to separate’. It was first introduced as a medical term by Pryce in 1964. PS is rare, representing about 1 to 6% of all congenital lung anomalies and may go undetected during the prenatal period and early childhood years. The PS is divided into two types, intralobar sequestration (ILS) which is the more common type, where the lesion lies within pleural layer surrounding the lobar lung and extralobar sequestration (ELS) which has its own pleural covering, maintaining anatomic separation from adjacent normal lung. We present a case of ELS in a 20 year old male who presented with several days of pleuritic chest pain. He was found on imaging to have a moderate left pleural effusion. This was sampled and was noted to be heavily blood stained. He was taken to theatre for exploration of the left pleural space using the Da Vinci Xi robotic surgical system.
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