gastric ulcer
Gastric ulcer
Gastric ulcer disease is characterized by defects in the mucosa of gastric or duodenum, due to various reasons. There is equally common in both sexes. It is the most common diseases of the digestive tract.
Symptoms
Characteristic is the presence of postprandial epigastric pain (1-3 hours after food consumption). Other symptoms that may indicate the presence of gastric ulcer are:
• heartburn
• vomiting, nausea, loss of appetite
• hiccups
• belching, acidity in the mouth
• constipation and diarrhea
• weight loss
• anemia (bleeding).
Another aspect is the presence of ulcer perforation (life threatening) - in the stomach is formed a hole which the feed passes into the peritoneal cavity, and consequently formed peritonitis. Patients describe the symptoms as "pain jab with a knife", the belly is tense, it can be bloody vomiting. Disorders may also develop around pylorus - the healing process causes the production of connective tissue with subsequent stenosis and associated symptoms.
Causes
Peptic ulcer disease has a complex etiology, primarily - Helicobacter pylori infection and chronic use of NSAIDs. Less common causes include genetic factors (blood group 0 and other), cigarette smoking, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (gastrin secreting tumor), glucocorticoid therapy, hyperparathyroidism, carcinoid syndrome, etc.
Diagnostics
The gold standard for confirming the presence of changes as ulcers and erosions is endoscopy of the upper gastrointestinal tract. It also allows get the slices for histopathological examination (to exclude possible changes of cancer) and to examine the material for the presence of Helicobacter Pylori.
Treatment
Once used only surgical treatment, now the first line treatment is the eradication of H. pylori according to existing procedures (proton pump inhibitor plus two of the three antibiotics: amoxicillin, clarithromycin, metronidazole). Can be used symptomatically proton pump inhibitors (esomeprazole, lansoprazole, omeprazole, pantoprazole, rabeprazole), H2 blockers (cimetidine, famotidine, ranitidine), protective agents (ventrisol), M1-blocker (pirenzepine), prostaglandin analogues (misoprostol). In exceptional cases - surgical treatment.
Refractory Gastric Ulcer Presenting Diagnostic...
A challenging case: refractory gastric ulcer later proven to be a NHL after several endoscopic biopsies and EUS FNA of ulcer and abdominal L nodes.
Laparoscopic Treatment for Perforated Bleeding...
A 77-year-old male presented to emergency room with a three-hour history of progressively worsening epigastric pain and nausea. Physical examination revealed rebound tenderness compatible...
Type II Peptic Ulcer
This video shows a shallow gastric ulcer in the anterior antrum. This was assiciated with duodenal ulceration as well (Type II ulcers)
Gastric Ulcer Following Gastrostomy Tube Removal
This video shows the normal healing gastric ulcer 2 weeks after gastrostomy tube removal.
Gastric Ulcer - Endoscopy (3 of 3)
Ulcer in red Scar A follow up endoscopy was performed after six week of treatment with PPI. Smoking Studies show smoking increases the chances of getting an ulcer, slows the healing process of existing...
Gastric Ulcer - Endoscopy (2 of 3)
Multiple biopsies were taken to ruled out malignancy. A gastric ulcer is a break in the normal tissue that lines the stomach. Ulcers develop when the normal defense and repair mechanisms of the...
Gastric Ulcer - Endoscopy (1 of 3)
This 76 year-old male, smoker, presented nausea vomiting and non-specific abdominal pain at endoscopy displays a well circumscribed smooth, regular, rounded edge with a flat smooth base and surrounding...
Gastric Ulceration Of The Lesser Curvature
The author of this video presents gastric ulceration of the lesser curvature.