Endoscopic Image of Rectal Cancer The treatment for rectal cancer depends on the location and extent of the tumor. The goals of treatment are to cure the malignancy and to do so without a permanent colostomy. Pathophysiology: Colonic tumors arise as intramucosal epithelial lesions, usually in adenomatous polyps or glands. As cancers grow, they invade the muscularis mucosa and lymphatic and vascular structures to involve regional lymph nodes, adjacent structures, and distant sites, especially the liver.
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