Endoscopic sclerotherapy · Endoscopic sclerotherapy is successful in controlling acute Esophageal Variceal Bleeding in up to 90% of patients. Hemorrhagic control should be obtained with 1-2 sessions. Patients continuing to bleed after 2 sessions should be considered for alternative methods to control their bleeding. · In the United States, sodium tetradecyl sulfate or sodium morrhuate has generally been used as a sclerosant, whereas polidocanol or ethanolamine has been more popular in Europe. Variations in the technique or the sclerosant used have not been shown to influence the outcome. · Serious complications related to sclerotherapy have been reported in 15-20% of patients, with an associated mortality rate of 2%. · Complications of sclerotherapy may include mucosal ulceration, bleeding, esophageal perforation, mediastinitis, and pulmonary complications. Long-term complications, such as esophageal stricture formation, may also occur.
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