Perforation of a Esophageal Carcinoma After the Procedure with Hydrostatic Balloon Dilation - Closer Look at the Operative Field

Surgery of Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the upper third of the Esophagus. The triad of vomiting, chest pain, and subcutaneous emphysema is known as Mackler's triad. Rarely, a patient may have back pain rather than chest pain. Perforations of the cervical esophagus may cause neck pain. Rupture at the gastroesophageal junction may lead to epigastric pain and an acute abdomen. Fever occurs as a later sign for any location. When spontaneous rupture occurs, there is generally a history of vomiting followed by chest pain. Any time chest pain or the other symptoms mentioned above occur after instrumentation or vomiting, the diagnosis of esophageal perforation must be considered.