The classic etiologies of toxic megacolon (toxic colitis) include the following inflammatory causes: Ulcerative colitis Crohn colitis Pseudomembranous colitis The many causes of infectious colitis, including the following, may lead to toxic megacolon (toxic colitis): Salmonella species Shigella species Campylobacter species Yersinia species Clostridium difficile Entamoeba histolytica Cytomegalovirus
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