Femoral Nerve: Anatomy and Injury Insights

This instructional video provides an in-depth exploration of femoral nerve anatomy and the implications of nerve injury. As the primary branch of the lumbar plexus, the femoral nerve is essential for motor and sensory functions in the lower extremity. Originating from nerve roots L2 to L4, it innervates key hip flexors and knee extensors, playing a critical role in hip flexion and knee extension.

The video systematically breaks down the nerve’s pathway, from its origins through the psoas major muscle to its descent under the inguinal ligament and subsequent division in the thigh. We detail its branching into both motor nerves, which energize muscles like the Sartorius and quadriceps, and sensory nerves, which provide feeling to specific areas of the thigh and leg.

Clinical correlations are highlighted as we discuss the presentation and differential diagnosis of femoral nerve injury, including the loss of function in specific muscle groups, sensory deficits, and reflex changes. We will also examine the impact of lumbar spine disorders, pelvic pathologies, and systemic conditions on the femoral nerve.

Understanding the femoral nerve’s course, its functions, and the signs of its impairment is vital for healthcare professionals. This video serves as a valuable resource for medical students, residents, and clinicians alike, aiming to enhance the clinical assessment and diagnostic skills necessary for addressing femoral nerve injuries.