Metabolic Bone Diseases
Case description
Rohan Bidwai:
- Metabolic bone disorders are an important topic for the FRC exam in orthopedics.
- Understanding normal bone metabolism, including vitamin D, calcium, and phosphorus absorption and regulation, is crucial for the exam.
- Osteoporosis is a skeletal disease characterized by decreased bone mass and increased fragility, with specific diagnostic criteria and risk factors.
- Diagnosis of osteoporosis involves a T score, which is the number of standard deviations above or below the mean bone mineral density for a sex and race match healthy population, and a DEXA scan, which measures bone density.
- Indications for referral for a DEXA scan include radiographic evidence of osteopenia, BMI less than 19, and history of hip fracture, and the FRAX tool is an important algorithm for osteoporosis risk assessment.
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