What Is Febrile Neutropaenia (Neutropenia)? - Neutrophil Function, Pathophysiology, Treatment

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"Febrile Neutropenia - febrile is fever and neutropenia is low levels of immune cells called neutrophils. Febrile neutropenia is a complication that can occur 5-10 days after someone receives chemotherapy for cancer. Febrile neutropenic can lead to someone quickly becoming septic.

Normally neutrophils are the first line of immune defense which fight invaders such as viruses, bacteria. Neutrophils are short lived granulocytes produced in the bone marrow from common myeloid progenitor cells, through stimulation of granulocytes colony stimulating factor.

A side effect of chemotherapy is neutropenia which occurs 5-10 days after receiving chemotherapy. This is because chemotherapy agents target dividing cells such as myeloblasts the precursors to make neutrophils. Febrile neutropaenia is defined as temperature over 38C (or 100.5 F) with low neutrophil count - absolute neutrophil count less than 500 cells/microliters or expected to decrease less than 500cells in 48hors.

Infections can result from transmission of infectious agents between people or as a result of organisms that live in the mouth, gut, lines patients are using for receiving chemotherapy, or skin."

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