Microsurgical anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) at C3–C4 using microscope. After level confirmation, the disc and osteophytes were removed with PLL / foraminotomy as needed. An interbody cage was trialed, and implanted at C3–C4. Final step: removal of the interbody distractor (Caspar) and pins, final C-arm check, layered closure. Surgeon: Piotr Makarewicz, Neurosurgery Specialist.
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