Bronchiectasis - Causes, Pathophysiology, Signs and Symptoms, Investigations and Treatment

Bronchiectasis is defined by the presence of permanent dilation (ectasia), of the bronchi. In bronchiectasis there is also excessive mucus production resulting in reduced airflow. Recurrent infections cause bronchiectasis but nearly all diseases affecting the lung can lead to bronchiectasis through different mechanisms. The main clinical significance of bronchiectasis is once its established it leads to recurrent airway infections by bacterial and fungal organisms resulting in chronic cough, sputum production, weight loss, and respiratory compromise.

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