patophysiology
Noonan Syndrome a genetic condition
Noonan Syndrome (NS) is a genetically heterogenous autosomal dominant condition associated with short stature, variable intellectual capacity, neck webbing and ocular hypertelorism (abnormally increased...
Myotonic Dystrophy - signs and symptoms, pathophysiology,...
Myotonic Dystrophy is a condition characterised by increased tone and delayed relaxation of muscle with muscle weakness.
Approach to Fat malabsorption - signs and symptoms...
This video shows the causes of the fat malabsorption and its clinical manifestations.
Transplant Medicine - Antibody mediated rejection
There are two main types of transplant rejection. T-cell mediated and antibody mediated and antibody mediated transplant rejection. These rejections are divided into hyperacute, acute and chronic rejection....
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) - life cycle,...
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Severe headaches - Understanding Trigeminal Autonomic...
"Trigeminal autonomic cephalgia affect one side of the head and are associated with cranial autonomic features such as ptosis, conjunctival injection, lacrimation and rhinorrhoea. Trigeminal autonomic...
Achalasia - Presentation of Whole Esophageal...
Achalasia occurs with an incidence of approximately 1:100,000 with an equal gender distribution. It occurs at all ages with an increase in incidence observed after the seventh decade. Dysphagia is...
Endoscopic Image of Achalasia
Esophageal Achalasia. Sir Thomas Willis first described achalasia in 1674. Willis successfully treated a patient by dilating the LES with a cork-tipped whalebone. Not until 1929 did Hurt and Rake...
Achalasia with Candidosis
Achalasia. Monilias are observed. Pathophysiology: The exact etiology of achalasia is not known. The most widely accepted current theories implicate autoimmune disorders, infectious diseases,...
Treatment for Achalasia - Endoscopic Maneuvering...
Achalasia It took forceful maneuvering of the endoscope to overcome the sphincter. Pathophysiologic studies of achalasia have primarily identified neural lesion involving loss of ganglion cell within...